You definitely apply for student loans on a yearly bases (at least all the ones I've heard of). First you fill out the FAFSA and through that you will be offered Stafford student loans. There is a limit to how much you can take out each year with a Stafford loan. (See here for the limits)
There are also PLUS loans for parents. And there are probably other loan options that are not thought the FAFSA.
FAFAS
Stafford Loans (offical site)
Student Loan Network
But to get the details of this you really should go talk to the Financial Aid office at Occidental. They can explain all this to you on the phone or in person and they know a LOT more than any of us, here on LiveWire, do.
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"Dancing through life mindless and careless.
Make sure your where less trouble is rife.
Woes are fleeting blows are glancing
when you're dancing through life..."